The Treaty of Velasco was signed in Velasco, Texas, on May 14, 1836, after the Battle of San Jacinto (April 21, 1836), by Mexican General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, President of the Republic of Mexico and had fallen prisoner of the rebels after the defeat, and interim Texan President David G. Burnet on behalf of the new Texas.
In the Treaty, which consisted of a secret and a public part, Santa Anna in exchange for his release and the promise that Mexican troops in retreat would not be attacked, de facto recognized Texas's independence and committed to not to continue the struggle against the new State. In addition, article 3 specified: "The Mexican troops will evacuate the territory of Texas, passing to the other side of the Rio Grande of the North" (for the new Republic of Texas the border between its territory and the one of Mexico was said Bravo river Rio Grande, in front of the Mexican interior division between Texas and Tamaulipas, which was set further north on the Nueces River.)
Mexican troops withdrew but their government refused to ratify the treaty, considering that as a prisoner Santa Anna had no legal capacity to sign it, so he did not accept Texan independence or recognize any border with the new Republic . In the following years Mexican troops entered several times in Texas arriving twice until San Antonio, but they had to retire each time with what they could not prevent the consolidation of the secession of this State. Nor were the Texans able to control the area between the Nueces River and the Rio Bravo whose sovereignty they claimed. The dispute remained unresolved and was the reason that after the entry of Texas in the United States triggered a war between this country and Mexico that concluded with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in which Mexico had to cede to the United States the territory in dispute when establishing the river Bravo of the North or Great river as the dividing line between Texas and Mexico. In addition, Mexico had to yield to EE. UU. more than half of its territory: the totality of what are now the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada and Utah; as well as part of Colorado, Oklahoma and Wyoming.
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