The Polhem Row is a tool that transmits a mechanical force through wind or water in a reciprocating motion to another object.
The Polhem-rad was invented by Christoffel Polhem by the end of the 17th century as a support for Swedish mining. At that time, the Swedish mines suffered from frequent flooding, due to the abundant water present in Sweden. Polhem introduced his line to solve the problem - with the Polhem-rad the movement of a flowing river could be transferred to a pump. Construction
The Polhem Row is basically an ordinary water ridge, with water (o.i.d.) applying a force on blades fitted between two parallel rings.
The difference with a water wheel is that the Polhem-rad has two slats mounted on either side of the row in the center of the row (at the point where a normal water wire is connected to the axis that is to be rotated float). The slats are laid in one another, rotated 180 ° relative to each other. The whole is much different from the crankshaft construction used for the drive of a bicycle, piston engine or locomotive.
The latter is just the point of a Polhem line. The row transfers the movement of the water into an inverted bicycle movement, with the "trappers" moving the "legs" instead of vice versa. The usefulness of this transmission over a normal watercourse is that the power of the water could be transferred to thin slats ("legs") instead of heavy-duty gear-wheeled structures that make up the inside of many watermills. These slats can then be re-connected with other slats and those with other slats and so on. In this way, Polhem in Sweden could transport the power of a river over large distances to drive pumps for mines, or later on conveyor belts for the transport of iron ore.
Above we see the top view of the Polhemrad system. The row is rotating in this case clockwise, so on the image clockwise. On the Floats, wooden posts (also called the crutches) are attached here, red in color. These poles usually consisted of whole pine tribes. At the end of the posts was a turntable (usually 10 meters away), which was stuck in the middle to a regular pole, which allowed the disc to rotate. The wooden poles were stuck to this disc by means of a pin type, which was inserted through the end of the crank and through the turntable. This pin could move freely but could not be lost. As the waterbelt moved, the crutches moved to front and back, so on the drawing, from left to right and vice versa. Because the crutches were stuck on the wheel, and the crutches were moved, the wheel was turning. Two other jars were attached to this wheel (here green), in the same way as the other. These crutches were also reassigned to the same type of wheel 10 meters away, and on that wheel were also attached crutches etc. So when the crutches moved and the wheel was turning, the other crutches also moved, which again made a wheel turned on etc. The bottom drawing shows how the position looks when the row has rotated 180 degrees. The crutches are moved, and the wheel also. The green crutches are here, for the drawing, down and up. In this way there were networks in Sweden of these 5 km crutches. But these networks were just as normal as the power cables now.
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