Urząd Ochrony Państwa (UOP or State Protection Office) is the intelligence agency of the Polish state created after the end of the communist system. It is founded on April 6, 1990 under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior. In 1996, it was transformed into an autonomous government agency under the direct control of the President of the Council of Ministers. He is responsible for espionage, counterespionage, and government electronic security (including wiretapping).

The UOP replaced the Służba Bezpieczeństwa (SB) of the Polish People's Republic, whose responsibilities extended to the fight against opposition to the communist government until 1989.

In June 2002, the agency split into two separate entities:

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