The Aguacate mountains are a series of hills and mountain ranges located in Costa Rica, with the same volcanic origin, that extend from Cañas in Guanacaste to San Pablo de Turrubares in the province of San José. For a long time they were known for their auriferous wealth, whose exploitation had an important economic cycle during the late nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century.
They start in the Pan de Azúcar hill (260 mnsm) and Cerro Palmira (228 mnsn), which are volcanic relicts located 3 km and 11 km away respectively from the city of Cañas. Cerro San José (1052 masl) is an old volcanic cone located 11 km south of Tilarán. Cerro Tilarán (634 masl) rises immediately to the southeast of this city, constituted by the remains of an ancient volcanic system. The Pelado (660 masl) and Delicias (680 masl) hills are 12 km from Cañas, and can easily be seen as they approach this city on the northern interamerican highway from San José. They have a conical shape, conspicuous and isolated, with steep walls and cliffs devoid of vegetation that offer a resemblance to a volcano. You can find hot springs in the town of Aguacaliente, which contain geothermal potential. The cold hills (1222 masl) and San Pedro (1299 masl) are located 10 and 15 km southeast of Tilarán, and are ancient volcanic cones upholstered by ash mantles of the Arenal. 5.5 km from Abangares is the Marsella hill, a volcanic relict of the Aguacate group, as well as the Pelados hills (460 masl) and Herrera (539 masl), 16 km from Barranca (Puntarenas). Near this town, 3.5 km north-northeast, is Cerro San Miguel (414 masl), an irregular domed volcanic dome with lateral protuberances and steep slopes.
The part of the mountainous area popularly known as Monte del Aguacate is a group of hills located between the cantons of Athens and Orotina, several kilometers before San Mateo. Traveling on the road from Athens to Orotina, on the right are the hills Pelón de San Mateo (882 masl), Mondongo (1020 masl) and Tinajita (925 masl), ancient volcanic relicts. To the east of Athens is the Macho Chingo hill (780 masl), and between this hill and the Matías creek, there is an isolated conical hill known as Cerro Pelón. It is in this valley that the Cajón River and its Los Angeles waterfall are born.
The city of Palmares is located in an old circular volcanic caldera, surrounded by the hills Hornos (1278 masl), San Isidro (1259 masl) and Espíritu Santo (1363 masl). The latter is a volcano composed of fractured and weathered lavas. The Espiritu Santo hill is one of the best viewpoints in the Central Valley of Costa Rica. The Tilaran mountain range ends with the Tablazo hills (1120 m), 6 km from Santiago de Puriscal, and La Roca (2258 m) and Trinidad (2056 m), its highest peaks, located northeast of San Pablo de Turrubares. These hills are made up of volcanic rocks that follow an extinct volcanic focus.
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