Thomas Fairfax
Thomas Fairfax (January 17, 1612 - November 12, 1671) was one of the most important military leaders in the English Civil War. Thomas Fairfax studied in Oxford and was sent to the Netherlands for his military education. There he served under English commandor Horace Vere and married his daughter Anne.
Back in England he served under his father who was the commander of the army in Yorkshire. In 1640 Thomas was knighted. When the civil war broke out, Father Fairfax and his sons chose the side of parliament. In July 1644, Thomas as a commander of horse riding had a major share in the victory at the Battle of Marston Moor, causing him to be injured.
An important reform of parliamentary armed forces took place in 1645. MEPs could not carry on any orders, and some important commanders had to resign. The various armies were merged into the New Model Army, and Thomas Fairfax became Commander-in-Chief with the title "Lord General". Lagerhuislid Oliver Cromwell became second in command as Lieutenant General.
Fairfax led a battle in the west, where the king still had strong positions. One by one he took it, and finally Karel left his last garrison in Oxford and stood under the protection of Scottish troops.
In January 1647 the Scotts transferred the king to Nottingham to the Lord General. Fairfax treated the frost with respect, but brought him to a parliament-based residence. In the next few years, tensions increased between the army and parliament, among other things due to delays in payment of the treaties. Fairfax supported his soldiers and did not oppose the purification of parliament on December 6, 1648 by Colonel Pride. Thus, the "Rom Assembly" arose, which caused the king to die a few weeks later. The chief commander refused to cooperate with the execution.
Eventually, this event led to a break between Fairfax and Cromwell. When the Scotts called crown prince Charles II to king, the parliament carried the army to enter Scotland. Fairfax refused and was released by the State Council of the Order. He retired on his estate.
Ten years later, he played an important role in the recovery of the Stuart House. When George Monck crossed the Tweed from Scotland in 1660, he called on Thomas Fairfax. He joined himself to hundreds of soldiers and officers from Richard Cromwell's camp. The Long Parliament, which met again in London, sent Fairfax to head of a mission to The Hague to invite Charles II to return to England. At his entry in London, the king prepared a horse from Fairfax.
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