Creatine phosphate, also known as creatine phosphate, phosphocreatine or PCr, is a phosphorylated creatine molecule which is very important because it has the function of storing energy in skeletal muscle. This molecule is used to generate, anaerobically, ATP from ADP, forming creatine for the next 15 seconds of intense effort. It does this by donating a phosphate group, and this reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme Creatininase (the presence of cratininase in the plasma is an indicator of damaged muscle tissue and is used inter alia for the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction). This reaction is reversible and therefore acts as a temporary buffer of the ATP concentration. In other words, phosphocreatine is part of a couple of reactions; the energy released in one reaction is used to regenerate another compound, ATP. Phosphocreatine plays a particularly important role in tissues that have a high and fluctuating demand for energy such as the brain or muscle, acting as an element of energy transport from mitochondria to the area of cells where ATP is needed and temporary storage of energy (Buffer) for intense and short uses.
Phosphocreatine was discovered by David Nachmansohn.
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