Albert Einstein and Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe
Hermann Franz Joseph Hubertus Maria Anschütz-Kaempfe (Zweibrücken, October 3, 1872 - Munich, May 6, 1931) was a German scientist and inventor of the gyrocompass. biography
Anschütz initially studied medicine in Innsbruck, a study that satisfied him little. However, in his uncle's home in Salzburg he learned the Austrian art historian Dr. Kaempfe who convinced him to leave his medicine study and begin a study of art history. He also took the young Anschütz on trips to Greece and Italy and taught him the principles of art history. Anschütz completed his studies through a promotion of Venetian painting from the 16th century.
The childless Kaempfe adopted Anschutz, after which he also performed his surname. Around 1900, Anschütz-Kaempfe participated in various scientific expeditions to the Arctic, discovering that a new navigation instrument had to be developed because a magnetic compass in the high north did not function properly. Gyrocompass
On September 23, 1905, Anschütz-Kaempfe founded in the German port city of Kiel the company Anschütz & Co. on which he led the daily management until 1930 and subsequently transferred his shares to the Carl Zeiss Foundation.
Based on the research by Léon Foucault, he constructed the first north search gyrocompass in 1907. He replaced the magnetic compass through a gyroscope that rotated by 20,000 to 30,000 rpm by an electric drive. His gyrocompass was used for the first time in 1908 on the German linership SMS Deutschland.
In 1915, Anschütz-Keampfe won a patent dispute about the gyrocompass with American Elmer Sperry. As an expert, Albert Einstein was appointed to witness in the lawsuit. Although he initially gave Sperry the same, he later returned to this statement and stated that Sperry's invention was an infringement of Anschütz's gyrocompass. In this regard, the court decided that Sperry in Germany should not manufacture and sell gyrocompasses with Anschütz 'technologies.
Anschütz and Einstein formed a close friendship. In the summer holidays, Einstein helped with Anschütz 'research and included the liquid bath as a gyrocompass damping system.
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