Estado Novo ("New State" in Portuguese) was the term used to describe the authoritarian regime established in Brazil by President Getúlio Dornelles Vargas, which lasted from 1937 to 1945. He was inspired by the regime implemented in Portugal by António de Oliveira Salazar, also called Estado Novo. Background
For Brazil, 1930 was a critical year politically and economically. The first aspect was a civil war that was resolved three weeks after the dispute between the pro-government candidate and Vargas, who had no military and political support.
After the resignation of Pereira, Vargas assumed as provisional president; and took action in the face of the economic crisis that hit the country. Vargas endured the opposition of the left and right-wing trade union movement represented by the Brazilian Integralists, who recruited their adherents among the middle classes. The State Novo
At the end of the 1930s, President Getulio Vargas staged another coup d'état, dissolved the National Congress of the United States of Brazil and reformed the constitution.
He immediately adopted measures to win over the workers, while repressing the Integralists. This system has been described as "populist", but unlike other regimes the Estado Novo lacked any purpose of mass mobilization. Vargas maintained cordial relations with the United States and declared war on the axis. The government of Vargas undertook a program of growth of the automotive industry, focused on the production of foreign brands and other import materials for war. Brazil began its process of import substitution that lasted until 1984.
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