Metsubushi (目 潰 し, metsubushi, eye closer) is the name of a variety of techniques used in ninjutsu to temporarily or permanently blind an opponent. These techniques were actively used by ninjas for self-defense and to facilitate their escape. characteristics
Most variants of the metsubushi contain mixtures of chips, black pepper, ash, flour and other fine powders, as well as powdered glass or salt in other more harmful versions. This mixture was enclosed in hollowed egg (happō), tubes of bamboo and other small containers, designed to be hidden with facility. The technique consisted in throwing the metsubushi to the face of the adversary, fragmenting the vessel with the impact or the launch and spreading the dust in the air in front of the face of the rival; when it entered his eyes, was blinded, and that gave the ninja time to attack or flee. This tactic is believed to have originated the superstitious belief that ninjas dissolve into clouds of smoke, since that was the last thing they saw before the ninja disappeared. Other versions of metsubushi not dependent on specialized objects consisted of blinding the opponent with light reflected in a mirror or the blade of a weapon, or simply throwing any object by hand to the face of the opponent, causing them to instinctively close their eyes.
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Modern smoke grenades and stun grenades are sometimes considered metsubushi as well.
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