Petronas Kamateros (Greek: Πετρωνᾶς Καματηρός, fl. years 830) was a Byzantine official who served under the orders of Emperor Theophilus (r. 829 - 842) and the first documented member of the Kamateros family. Approximately in the year 833 or, according to more recent dates, in 839, he had the degree of spatharokandidatos and was sent by Teófilo to supervise the construction of Sarkel, a fortified city that would serve as capital to the Khazars, who were allies of Byzantium. Upon his return, Petronas allegedly advised the emperor to pay more attention to the Crimea and its cities, where Byzantine control was weak. In response, Teófilo promoted him to protospatario and named him strategos of Chersonese, thus founding the thema of the same name. It is possible that he also held the position of logothetes tou genikou, according to a stamp found in Chersonese.

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